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When rodata is large enough that it crosses a section boundary after the
kernel text, mark the rest NX. This is as close to full NX of rodata as
we can get without splitting page tables or doing section alignment via
CONFIG_DEBUG_ALIGN_RODATA.
When the config is:
CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA=y
# CONFIG_DEBUG_ALIGN_RODATA is not set
Before:
---[ Kernel Mapping ]---
0x80000000-0x80100000 1M RW NX SHD
0x80100000-0x80a00000 9M ro x SHD
0x80a00000-0xa0000000 502M RW NX SHD
After:
---[ Kernel Mapping ]---
0x80000000-0x80100000 1M RW NX SHD
0x80100000-0x80700000 6M ro x SHD
0x80700000-0x80a00000 3M ro NX SHD
0x80a00000-0xa0000000 502M RW NX SHD
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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For an XIP build, _etext does not represent the end of the
binary image that needs to stay mapped into the MODULES_VADDR area.
Years ago, data came before text in the memory map. However,
now that the order is text/init/data, an XIP_KERNEL needs to map
up to the data location in order to keep from cutting off
parts of the kernel that are needed.
We only map up to the beginning of data because data has already been
copied, so there's no reason to keep it around anymore.
A new symbol is created to make it clear what it is we are referring
to.
This fixes the bug where you might lose the end of your kernel area
after page table setup is complete.
Signed-off-by: Chris Brandt <chris.brandt@renesas.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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If we know that TLB efficiency will not be an issue when memory is
accessed then it's not terribly important to allocate big chunks of
memory. The whole point of allocating the big chunks was that it would
make TLB usage efficient.
As Marek Szyprowski indicated:
Please note that mapping memory with larger pages significantly
improves performance, especially when IOMMU has a little TLB
cache. This can be easily observed when multimedia devices do
processing of RGB data with 90/270 degree rotation
Image rotation is distinctly an operation that needs to bounce around
through memory, so it makes sense that TLB efficiency is important
there.
Video decoding, on the other hand, is a fairly sequential operation.
During video decoding it's not expected that we'll be jumping all over
memory. Decoding video is also pretty heavy and the TLB misses aren't a
huge deal. Presumably most HW video acceleration users of dma-mapping
will not care about huge pages and will set DMA_ATTR_ALLOC_SINGLE_PAGES.
Allocating big chunks of memory is quite expensive, especially if we're
doing it repeadly and memory is full. In one (out of tree) usage model
it is common that arm_iommu_alloc_attrs() is called 16 times in a row,
each one trying to allocate 4 MB of memory. This is called whenever the
system encounters a new video, which could easily happen while the
memory system is stressed out. In fact, on certain social media
websites that auto-play video and have infinite scrolling, it's quite
common to see not just one of these 16x4MB allocations but 2 or 3 right
after another. Asking the system even to do a small amount of extra
work to give us big chunks in this case is just not a good use of time.
Allocating big chunks of memory is also expensive indirectly. Even if
we ask the system not to do ANY extra work to allocate _our_ memory,
we're still potentially eating up all big chunks in the system.
Presumably there are other users in the system that aren't quite as
flexible and that actually need these big chunks. By eating all the big
chunks we're causing extra work for the rest of the system. We also may
start making other memory allocations fail. While the system may be
robust to such failures (as is the case with dwc2 USB trying to allocate
buffers for Ethernet data and with WiFi trying to allocate buffers for
WiFi data), it is yet another big performance hit.
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Tested-by: Javier Martinez Canillas <javier@osg.samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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The __iommu_alloc_buffer() is expected to be called to allocate pretty
sizeable buffers. Upon simple tests of video I saw it trying to
allocate 4,194,304 bytes. The function tries to allocate large chunks
in order to optimize IOMMU TLB usage.
The current function is very, very slow.
One problem is the way it keeps trying and trying to allocate big
chunks. Imagine a very fragmented memory that has 4M free but no
contiguous pages at all. Further imagine allocating 4M (1024 pages).
We'll do the following memory allocations:
- For page 1:
- Try to allocate order 10 (no retry)
- Try to allocate order 9 (no retry)
- ...
- Try to allocate order 0 (with retry, but not needed)
- For page 2:
- Try to allocate order 9 (no retry)
- Try to allocate order 8 (no retry)
- ...
- Try to allocate order 0 (with retry, but not needed)
- ...
- ...
Total number of calls to alloc() calls for this case is:
sum(int(math.log(i, 2)) + 1 for i in range(1, 1025))
=> 9228
The above is obviously worse case, but given how slow alloc can be we
really want to try to avoid even somewhat bad cases. I timed the old
code with a device under memory pressure and it wasn't hard to see it
take more than 120 seconds to allocate 4 megs of memory! (NOTE: testing
was done on kernel 3.14, so possibly mainline would behave
differently).
A second problem is that allocating big chunks under memory pressure
when we don't need them is just not a great idea anyway unless we really
need them. We can make due pretty well with smaller chunks so it's
probably wise to leave bigger chunks for other users once memory
pressure is on.
Let's adjust the allocation like this:
1. If a big chunk fails, stop trying to hard and bump down to lower
order allocations.
2. Don't try useless orders. The whole point of big chunks is to
optimize the TLB and it can really only make use of 2M, 1M, 64K and
4K sizes.
We'll still tend to eat up a bunch of big chunks, but that might be the
right answer for some users. A future patch could possibly add a new
DMA_ATTR that would let the caller decide that TLB optimization isn't
important and that we should use smaller chunks. Presumably this would
be a sane strategy for some callers.
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Tomasz Figa <tfiga@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Javier Martinez Canillas <javier@osg.samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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The use of CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA is generally seen as an essential part of
kernel self-protection:
http://www.openwall.com/lists/kernel-hardening/2015/11/30/13
Additionally, its name has grown to mean things beyond just rodata. To
get ARM closer to this, we ought to rearrange the names of the configs
that control how the kernel protects its memory. What was called
CONFIG_ARM_KERNMEM_PERMS is realy doing the work that other architectures
call CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA.
This redefines CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA to actually do the bulk of the
ROing (and NXing). In the place of the old CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA, use
CONFIG_DEBUG_ALIGN_RODATA, since that's what the option does: adds
section alignment for making rodata explicitly NX, as arm does not split
the page tables like arm64 does without _ALIGN_RODATA.
Also adds human readable names to the sections so I could more easily
debug my typos, and makes CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA default "y" for CPU_V7.
Results in /sys/kernel/debug/kernel_page_tables for each config state:
# CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA is not set
# CONFIG_DEBUG_ALIGN_RODATA is not set
---[ Kernel Mapping ]---
0x80000000-0x80900000 9M RW x SHD
0x80900000-0xa0000000 503M RW NX SHD
CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA=y
CONFIG_DEBUG_ALIGN_RODATA=y
---[ Kernel Mapping ]---
0x80000000-0x80100000 1M RW NX SHD
0x80100000-0x80700000 6M ro x SHD
0x80700000-0x80a00000 3M ro NX SHD
0x80a00000-0xa0000000 502M RW NX SHD
CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA=y
# CONFIG_DEBUG_ALIGN_RODATA is not set
---[ Kernel Mapping ]---
0x80000000-0x80100000 1M RW NX SHD
0x80100000-0x80a00000 9M ro x SHD
0x80a00000-0xa0000000 502M RW NX SHD
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@fedoraproject.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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Make virt_to_idmap() return an unsigned long rather than phys_addr_t.
Returning phys_addr_t here makes no sense, because the definition of
virt_to_idmap() is that it shall return a physical address which maps
identically with the virtual address. Since virtual addresses are
limited to 32-bit, identity mapped physical addresses are as well.
Almost all users already had an implicit narrowing cast to unsigned long
so let's make this official and part of this interface.
Tested-by: Grygorii Strashko <grygorii.strashko@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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There are many locations that do
if (memory_was_allocated_by_vmalloc)
vfree(ptr);
else
kfree(ptr);
but kvfree() can handle both kmalloc()ed memory and vmalloc()ed memory
using is_vmalloc_addr(). Unless callers have special reasons, we can
replace this branch with kvfree(). Please check and reply if you found
problems.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Acked-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Dilger <andreas.dilger@intel.com>
Acked-by: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Oleg Drokin <oleg.drokin@intel.com>
Cc: Boris Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc
Pull ARM SoC multiplatform code updates from Arnd Bergmann:
"This branch is the culmination of 5 years of effort to bring the ARMv6
and ARMv7 platforms together such that they can all be enabled and
boot the same kernel. It has been a tremendous amount of cleanup and
refactoring by a huge number of people, and creation of several new
(and major) subsystems to better abstract out all the platform details
in an appropriate manner.
The bulk of this branch is a large patchset from Arnd that brings
several of the more minor and older platforms we have closer to
multiplatform support. Among these are MMP, S3C64xx, Orion5x, mv78xx0
and realview Much of this is moving around header files from old mach
directories, but there are also some cleanup patches of debug_ll
(lowlevel debug per-platform options) and other parts.
Linus Walleij also has some patchs to clean up the older ARM Realview
platforms by finally introducing DT support, and Rob Herring has some
for ARM Versatile which is now DT-only. Both of these platforms are
now multiplatform.
Finally, a couple of patches from Russell for Dove PMU, and a fix from
Valentin Rothberg for Exynos ADC, which were rebased on top of the
series to avoid conflicts"
* tag 'armsoc-multiplatform' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (75 commits)
ARM: realview: don't select SMP_ON_UP for UP builds
ARM: s3c: simplify s3c_irqwake_{e,}intallow definition
ARM: s3c64xx: fix pm-debug compilation
iio: exynos-adc: fix irqf_oneshot.cocci warnings
ARM: realview: build realview-dt SMP support only when used
ARM: realview: select apropriate targets
ARM: realview: clean up header files
ARM: realview: make all header files local
ARM: no longer make CPU targets visible separately
ARM: integrator: use explicit core module options
ARM: realview: enable multiplatform
ARM: make default platform work for NOMMU
ARM: debug-ll: move DEBUG_LL_UART_EFM32 to correct Kconfig location
ARM: defconfig: use correct debug_ll settings
ARM: versatile: convert to multi-platform
ARM: versatile: merge mach code into a single file
ARM: versatile: switch to DT only booting and remove legacy code
ARM: versatile: add DT based PCI detection
ARM: pxa: mark ezx structures as __maybe_unused
ARM: pxa: mark raumfeld init functions as __maybe_unused
...
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Let's define page_mapped() to be true for compound pages if any
sub-pages of the compound page is mapped (with PMD or PTE).
On other hand page_mapcount() return mapcount for this particular small
page.
This will make cases like page_get_anon_vma() behave correctly once we
allow huge pages to be mapped with PTE.
Most users outside core-mm should use page_mapcount() instead of
page_mapped().
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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With new refcounting we don't need to mark PMDs splitting. Let's drop
code to handle this.
pmdp_splitting_flush() is not needed too: on splitting PMD we will do
pmdp_clear_flush() + set_pte_at(). pmdp_clear_flush() will do IPI as
needed for fast_gup.
[arnd@arndb.de: fix unterminated ifdef in header file]
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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arm: arch_mmap_rnd() uses a hard-code value of 8 to generate the random
offset for the mmap base address. This value represents a compromise
between increased ASLR effectiveness and avoiding address-space
fragmentation. Replace it with a Kconfig option, which is sensibly
bounded, so that platform developers may choose where to place this
compromise. Keep 8 as the minimum acceptable value.
[arnd@arndb.de: ARM: avoid ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS for NOMMU]
Signed-off-by: Daniel Cashman <dcashman@google.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mark Salyzyn <salyzyn@android.com>
Cc: Jeff Vander Stoep <jeffv@google.com>
Cc: Nick Kralevich <nnk@google.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Hector Marco-Gisbert <hecmargi@upv.es>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The VMSA field of MMFR0 (bottom 4 bits) is incremented for each
added feature. PXN is supported if the value is >= 4 and LPAE
is supported if it is >= 5.
In case a kernel with CONFIG_ARM_LPAE disabled is used on a
processor that supports LPAE, we can still use PXN in short
descriptors. So check for >= 4 not == 4.
Signed-off-by: Jungseung Lee <js07.lee@samsung.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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According to commit 2503a5ecd86c002506001eba432c524ea009fe7f
"ARM: 6201/1: RealView: Do not use outer_sync() on ARM11MPCore
boards with L220" Some PB11MPCore RealView core tiles have broken
outer_sync.
We got rid of the custom barriers from the machine by disabling
outer sync, but that was just for the boardfile case. We have
to be able to do the same in the device tree case.
Since __l2c_init() is cloning and copying the L2C vtable,
we pass an argument to this function to optionally numb
the outer sync operation if desired, before initializing
the cache.
After this we can set up the cache correctly on the RealView
PB11MPCore. This was tested on a PB11MPCore known to have the
issue. Before this, spurious crashes would occur if we try to
set up the cache properly, after this it boots rock solid.
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: devicetree@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-integrator into next/multiplatform
Pull "Multiplatform support for the RealView" from Linus Walleij:
Here is the result of my application of the second part of Arnds
patchset, actually enabling multiplatform and getting the RealView
off the ground as a multiplatform target.
It is dependent on an outstanding patch to the irqchips tree bumping
the number of GICs to 2 for the RealView platform. I cannot say I will
be sleepless if these go in side by side: each branch will compile but
will not boot until both trees have been pulled hurting bisectability a
bit.
- Tested on the ARM PB11MPCore
- Tested with boardfile boot
- Tested with DeviceTree boot
* tag 'realview-multiplatform-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-integrator:
ARM: realview: select apropriate targets
ARM: realview: clean up header files
ARM: realview: make all header files local
ARM: no longer make CPU targets visible separately
ARM: integrator: use explicit core module options
ARM: realview: enable multiplatform
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Now that realview and integrator always select the correct CPU
type themselves based on the core tiles, there is no need to
still have them user-visible in arch/arm/mm/Kconfig. The
ARM925T symbol has been selected by the only user for many
years, so that can be removed along with the realview and
integrator specific ones.
This also solves randconfig build problems on realview.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm
Pull libnvdimm fixes from Dan Williams:
- Two bug fixes for misuse of PAGE_MASK in scatterlist and dma-debug.
These are tagged for -stable. The scatterlist impact is potentially
corrupted dma addresses on HIGHMEM enabled platforms.
- A minor locking fix for the NFIT hot-add implementation that is new
in 4.4-rc. This would only trigger in the case a hot-add raced
driver removal.
* 'libnvdimm-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm:
dma-debug: Fix dma_debug_entry offset calculation
Revert "scatterlist: use sg_phys()"
nfit: acpi_nfit_notify(): Do not leave device locked
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The proc-v7.S code uses a small temporary stack to preserve register
content in its setup code. This stack is located in the .text section
which is normally meant to be read-only.
Move that temporary stack to the .bss section and get its address in
a position independent way, similarly to what we do in other parts
of the kernel.
While at it, one comments was updated to reflect reality, and the list
of saved registers in the proc-v7.S case is updated to match the comment
next to it for coherency.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-integrator into next/multiplatform
Merge "Realview multiplatform support" from Linus Walleij:
The board and infrastructure changes for RealView
multiplatform and extended DT support.
* tag 'realview-base-armsoc-1-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-integrator:
ARM: realview: add an DT SMP boot method
ARM: realview: select SP810 and ICST for the DT variant
soc: versatile: add support for the PB11MPCore
clk: versatile-icst: add device tree support
clk: versatile-icst: refactor to allocate regmap separately
clk: versatile-icst: convert to use regmap
ARM: realview: remove private barrier implementation
ARM: no longer force unbuffered DMA for realview
clk/realview: stop using machine headers
ARM: realview: don't map undefined PCI registers
ARM: realview: remove sparsemem hack
Conflicts:
drivers/clk/versatile/Kconfig
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commit db0fa0cb0157 "scatterlist: use sg_phys()" did replacements of
the form:
phys_addr_t phys = page_to_phys(sg_page(s));
phys_addr_t phys = sg_phys(s) & PAGE_MASK;
However, this breaks platforms where sizeof(phys_addr_t) >
sizeof(unsigned long). Revert for 4.3 and 4.4 to make room for a
combined helper in 4.5.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Fixes: db0fa0cb0157 ("scatterlist: use sg_phys()")
Suggested-by: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Reported-by: Vitaly Lavrov <vel21ripn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
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In cpu_v7_do_suspend routine, r11 is used while it is NOT
saved/restored, different compiler may have different usage
of ARM general registers, so it may cause issues during
calling cpu_v7_do_suspend.
We meet kernel fault occurs when using GCC 4.8.3, r11 contains
valid value before calling into cpu_v7_do_suspend, but when returned
from this routine, r11 is corrupted and lead to kernel fault.
Doing save/restore for those corrupted registers is a must in
assemble code.
Signed-off-by: Anson Huang <Anson.Huang@freescale.com>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v3.3+
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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Commit 42c4dafe803dca ("ARM: 6202/1: Do not ARM_DMA_MEM_BUFFERABLE
on RealView boards with L210/L220") changed the generic setting for
ARM_DMA_MEM_BUFFERABLE to be disabled on any Realview kernel that includes
support for any of the ARM11 variations. Doing this was required to
allow doing DMA without a lockup in the l2x0 cache controller on the
Realview platform.
Unfortunately, in a kernel that also contains support for any ARMv7
based machine, the same change makes it impossible to do DMA on ARMv7,
which gets in the way of enabling multiplatform support on Realview.
As confirmed by Catalin Marinas and Linus Walleij, the current
code for Realview that we have in the kernel does not actually
perform any DMA, and this is unlikely to change in the future.
Therefore we can revert 42c4dafe803dca without introducing regressions,
but we must never start using DMA on this platform in the future.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
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Take the new memblock attribute MEMBLOCK_NOMAP into account when
deciding whether a certain region is or should be covered by the
kernel direct mapping.
Tested-by: Ryan Harkin <ryan.harkin@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
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This implements create_mapping_late(), which we will use to populate
the UEFI Runtime Services page tables.
Tested-by: Ryan Harkin <ryan.harkin@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
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Add support to the kernel translation table population routines for
creating non-global mappings. This will be used by the UEFI runtime
services, which will use temporary mappings in the userland range.
Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
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To allow __create_mapping() to be used for populating UEFI Runtime
Services page tables, factor out the allocation routine 'early_alloc'
and pass it down as a function pointer into alloc_init_[pud|pmd|pte].
This way, new users of __create_mapping() can supply another allocation
function.
Tested-by: Ryan Harkin <ryan.harkin@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
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In order to be able to reuse the core mapping logic of create_mapping
for mapping the UEFI Runtime Services into a private set of page tables,
split it off from create_mapping() into a separate function
__create_mapping which we will wire up in a subsequent patch.
Tested-by: Ryan Harkin <ryan.harkin@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
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This enables the generic early_ioremap implementation for ARM.
It uses the fixmap region reserved for kmap. Since early_ioremap
is only supported before paging_init(), and kmap is only supported
afterwards, this is guaranteed not to cause any clashes.
Tested-by: Ryan Harkin <ryan.harkin@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
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Currently, when updating section permissions to mark areas RO
or NX, the only mm updated is current->mm. This is working off
the assumption that there are no additional mm structures at
the time. This may not always hold true. (Example: calling
modprobe early will trigger a fork/exec). Ensure all mm structres
get updated with the new section information.
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@fedoraproject.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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The function uniphier_cache_get_next_level_node() does the same thing
as of_find_next_cache_node(). Drop the former and stick to the common
API.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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Under some unusual context-switching patterns, it is possible to end up
with multiple threads from the same mm running concurrently with
different ASIDs:
1. CPU x schedules task t with mm p containing ASID a and generation g
This task doesn't block and the CPU doesn't context switch.
So:
* per_cpu(active_asid, x) = {g,a}
* p->context.id = {g,a}
2. Some other CPU generates an ASID rollover. The global generation is
now (g + 1). CPU x is still running t, with no context switch and
so per_cpu(reserved_asid, x) = {g,a}
3. CPU y schedules task t', which shares mm p with t. The generation
mismatches, so we take the slowpath and hit the reserved ASID from
CPU x. p is then updated so that p->context.id = {g + 1,a}
4. CPU y schedules some other task u, which has an mm != p.
5. Some other CPU generates *another* CPU rollover. The global
generation is now (g + 2). CPU x is still running t, with no context
switch and so per_cpu(reserved_asid, x) = {g,a}.
6. CPU y once again schedules task t', but now *fails* to hit the
reserved ASID from CPU x because of the generation mismatch. This
results in a new ASID being allocated, despite the fact that t is
still running on CPU x with the same mm.
Consequently, TLBIs (e.g. as a result of CoW) will not be synchronised
between the two threads.
This patch fixes the problem by updating all of the matching reserved
ASIDs when we hit on the slowpath (i.e. in step 3 above). This keeps
the reserved ASIDs in-sync with the mm and avoids the problem.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Reported-by: Tony Thompson <anthony.thompson@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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It is in principle possible to build an MMP kernel for
the mohawk CPU with the MMU code disabled, except for one
simple build error:
proc-mohawk.S:345: Error: invalid operands (*UND* and *UND* sections) for `|'
proc-mohawk.S:345: Error: invalid operands (*ABS* and *UND* sections) for `|'
proc-mohawk.S:345: Error: invalid operands (*UND* and *UND* sections) for `|'
proc-mohawk.S:345: Error: invalid operands (*UND* and *UND* sections) for `|'
proc-mohawk.S:345: Error: undefined symbol L_PTE_USER used as an immediate value
This patch changes the proc-mohawk code to do the same as the
other CPUs and not try to actually do anything for the
cpu_mohawk_set_pte_ext function, which won't be used anyway.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
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In a multiplatform configuration, we may end up building a kernel for
both Marvell PJ1 and an ARMv4 CPU implementation. In that case, the
xscale-cp0 code is built with gcc -march=armv4{,t}, which results in a
build error from the coprocessor instructions.
Since we know this code will only have to run on an actual xscale
processor, we can simply build the entire file for ARMv5TE.
Related to this, we need to handle the iWMMXT initialization sequence
differently during boot, to ensure we don't try to touch xscale
specific registers on other CPUs from the xscale_cp0_init initcall.
cpu_is_xscale() used to be hardcoded to '1' in any configuration that
enables any XScale-compatible core, but this breaks once we can have a
combined kernel with MMP1 and something else.
In this patch, I replace the existing cpu_is_xscale() macro with a new
cpu_is_xscale_family() macro that evaluates true for xscale, xsc3 and
mohawk, which makes the behavior more deterministic.
The two existing users of cpu_is_xscale() are modified accordingly,
but slightly change behavior for kernels that enable CPU_MOHAWK without
also enabling CPU_XSCALE or CPU_XSC3. Previously, these would leave leave
PMD_BIT4 in the page tables untouched, now they clear it as we've always
done for kernels that enable both MOHAWK and the support for the older
CPU types.
Since the previous behavior was inconsistent, I assume it was
unintentional.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
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Use descriptive definitions for the Tauros2 register bits, and while
we're here, clean up the "Tauros2: %s line fill burt8." message.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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On ARM v7-M, when PROCINFO_INITFUNC (__v7m_setup) is called,
a stack is needed before calling the supervisor call (SVC),
which is used by the supervisor call to save the context.
Currently, __v7m_setup() prepares a temporary stack in the .text.init
section, which is is broken if the kernel is executing directly from
read-only memory.
In particular, this is the case for LPC43xx, which allows
to execute the kernel in-place from a serial flash through its SPIFI
controller.
This commit fixes the issue by seting an early stack to its usual location.
Also, __v7m_setup() is currently saving and restoring the previous
stack. That was bogus, because there's no stack previously set,
so this commit removes it.
Acked-by: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ezequiel Garcia <ezequiel@vanguardiasur.com.ar>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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The RealView ARM11MPCore enables parity, eventmon and shared
override in the cache controller through its current boardfile,
but the code and DT bindings for the ARM L220 is currently
lacking the ability to set this up from DT. Add the required
bool parameters for parity and shared override, but keep
eventmon out of it: this should be enabled by the event
monitor code.
Cc: devicetree@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc
Pull ARM SoC platform updates from Olof Johansson:
"New and/or improved SoC support for this release:
Marvell Berlin:
- Enable standard DT-based cpufreq
- Add CPU hotplug support
Freescale:
- Ethernet init for i.MX7D
- Suspend/resume support for i.MX6UL
Allwinner:
- Support for R8 chipset (used on NTC's $9 C.H.I.P board)
Mediatek:
- SMP support for some platforms
Uniphier:
- L2 support
- Cleaned up SMP support, etc.
plus a handful of other patches around above functionality, and a few
other smaller changes"
* tag 'armsoc-soc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (42 commits)
ARM: uniphier: rework SMP operations to use trampoline code
ARM: uniphier: add outer cache support
Documentation: EXYNOS: Update bootloader interface on exynos542x
ARM: mvebu: add broken-idle option
ARM: orion5x: use mac_pton() helper
ARM: at91: pm: at91_pm_suspend_in_sram() must be 8-byte aligned
ARM: sunxi: Add R8 support
ARM: digicolor: select pinctrl/gpio driver
arm: berlin: add CPU hotplug support
arm: berlin: use non-self-cleared reset register to reset cpu
ARM: mediatek: add smp bringup code
ARM: mediatek: enable gpt6 on boot up to make arch timer working
soc: mediatek: Fix random hang up issue while kernel init
soc: ti: qmss: make acc queue support optional in the driver
soc: ti: add firmware file name as part of the driver
Documentation: dt: soc: Add description for knav qmss driver
ARM: S3C64XX: Use PWM lookup table for mach-smartq
ARM: S3C64XX: Use PWM lookup table for mach-hmt
ARM: S3C64XX: Use PWM lookup table for mach-crag6410
ARM: S3C64XX: Use PWM lookup table for smdk6410
...
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Removal started in commit 5bbeed12bdc3 ("sparc32: drop unused
kmap_atomic_to_page"). Let's do it across the whole tree.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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sleep and avoiding waking kswapd
__GFP_WAIT has been used to identify atomic context in callers that hold
spinlocks or are in interrupts. They are expected to be high priority and
have access one of two watermarks lower than "min" which can be referred
to as the "atomic reserve". __GFP_HIGH users get access to the first
lower watermark and can be called the "high priority reserve".
Over time, callers had a requirement to not block when fallback options
were available. Some have abused __GFP_WAIT leading to a situation where
an optimisitic allocation with a fallback option can access atomic
reserves.
This patch uses __GFP_ATOMIC to identify callers that are truely atomic,
cannot sleep and have no alternative. High priority users continue to use
__GFP_HIGH. __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM identifies callers that can sleep and
are willing to enter direct reclaim. __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM to identify
callers that want to wake kswapd for background reclaim. __GFP_WAIT is
redefined as a caller that is willing to enter direct reclaim and wake
kswapd for background reclaim.
This patch then converts a number of sites
o __GFP_ATOMIC is used by callers that are high priority and have memory
pools for those requests. GFP_ATOMIC uses this flag.
o Callers that have a limited mempool to guarantee forward progress clear
__GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM but keep __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM. bio allocations fall
into this category where kswapd will still be woken but atomic reserves
are not used as there is a one-entry mempool to guarantee progress.
o Callers that are checking if they are non-blocking should use the
helper gfpflags_allow_blocking() where possible. This is because
checking for __GFP_WAIT as was done historically now can trigger false
positives. Some exceptions like dm-crypt.c exist where the code intent
is clearer if __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM is used instead of the helper due to
flag manipulations.
o Callers that built their own GFP flags instead of starting with GFP_KERNEL
and friends now also need to specify __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM.
The first key hazard to watch out for is callers that removed __GFP_WAIT
and was depending on access to atomic reserves for inconspicuous reasons.
In some cases it may be appropriate for them to use __GFP_HIGH.
The second key hazard is callers that assembled their own combination of
GFP flags instead of starting with something like GFP_KERNEL. They may
now wish to specify __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM. It's almost certainly harmless
if it's missed in most cases as other activity will wake kswapd.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vitaly Wool <vitalywool@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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probe_kernel_address() is basically the same as the (later added)
probe_kernel_read().
The return value on EFAULT is a bit different: probe_kernel_address()
returns number-of-bytes-not-copied whereas probe_kernel_read() returns
-EFAULT. All callers have been checked, none cared.
probe_kernel_read() can be overridden by the architecture whereas
probe_kernel_address() cannot. parisc, blackfin and um do this, to insert
additional checking. Hence this patch possibly fixes obscure bugs,
although there are only two probe_kernel_address() callsites outside
arch/.
My first attempt involved removing probe_kernel_address() entirely and
converting all callsites to use probe_kernel_read() directly, but that got
tiresome.
This patch shrinks mm/slab_common.o by 218 bytes. For a single
probe_kernel_address() callsite.
Cc: Steven Miao <realmz6@gmail.com>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This commit adds support for UniPhier outer cache controller.
All the UniPhier SoCs are equipped with the L2 cache, while the L3
cache is currently only integrated on PH1-Pro5 SoC.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
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Install a non-faulting handler just before unmasking imprecise aborts
and switch back to the regular one after unmasking is done.
This catches any pending imprecise abort that the firmware/bootloader
may have left behind that would normally crash the kernel at that point.
As there are apparently a lot of bootlaoders out there that do such a
thing it makes sense to handle it in the common startup code.
Signed-off-by: Lucas Stach <l.stach@pengutronix.de>
Tested-by: Tyler Baker <tyler.baker@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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IOMMU-based dma_mmap() implementation lacked proper support for offset
parameter used in mmap call (it always assumed that mapping starts from
offset zero). This patch adds support for offset parameter to IOMMU-based
implementation.
Signed-off-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.6+
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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dma_mmap() function in IOMMU-based dma-mapping implementation lacked
a check for valid range of mmap parameters (offset and buffer size), what
might have caused access beyond the allocated buffer. This patch fixes
this issue.
Signed-off-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.6+
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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Mark Brand reports that a NEEDS_SYSCALL_FOR_CMPXCHG enabled kernel would
open a security hole in the ghost syscall used to implement cmpxchg, as
it fails to validate the user pointer.
However, in order for this option to be enabled, you'd need to be
building a pre-ARMv6 kernel with SMP support. There is only one system
known which fits that, which is an early ARM SMP FPGA implementation
based on the ARM926T.
In any case, the Kconfig does not allow SMP to be enabled for pre-ARMv6
systems.
Moreover, even if NEEDS_SYSCALL_FOR_CMPXCHG were to be enabled, the
kernel would not build as __ARM_NR_cmpxchg64 is not defined.
The simple answer is to remove the buggy code.
Reported-by: Mark Brand <markbrand@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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Jonathan Liu reports that the recent addition of CPU_SW_DOMAIN_PAN
causes wpa_supplicant to die due to the following kernel oops:
Unhandled fault: page domain fault (0x81b) at 0x001017a2
pgd = ee1b8000
[001017a2] *pgd=6ebee831, *pte=6c35475f, *ppte=6c354c7f
Internal error: : 81b [#1] SMP ARM
Modules linked in: rt2800usb rt2x00usb rt2800librt2x00lib crc_ccitt mac80211
CPU: 1 PID: 202 Comm: wpa_supplicant Not tainted 4.3.0-rc2 #1
Hardware name: Allwinner sun7i (A20) Family
task: ec872f80 ti: ee364000 task.ti: ee364000
PC is at do_alignment_ldmstm+0x1d4/0x238
LR is at 0x0
pc : [<c001d1d8>] lr : [<00000000>] psr: 600c0113
sp : ee365e18 ip : 00000000 fp : 00000002
r10: 001017a2 r9 : 00000002 r8 : 001017aa
r7 : ee365fb0 r6 : e8820018 r5 : 001017a2 r4 : 00000003
r3 : d49e30e0 r2 : 00000000 r1 : ee365fbc r0 : 00000000
Flags: nZCv IRQs on FIQs on Mode SVC_32 ISA ARM Segment none[ 34.393106] Control: 10c5387d Table: 6e1b806a DAC: 00000051
Process wpa_supplicant (pid: 202, stack limit = 0xee364210)
Stack: (0xee365e18 to 0xee366000)
...
[<c001d1d8>] (do_alignment_ldmstm) from [<c001d510>] (do_alignment+0x1f0/0x904)
[<c001d510>] (do_alignment) from [<c00092a0>] (do_DataAbort+0x38/0xb4)
[<c00092a0>] (do_DataAbort) from [<c0013d7c>] (__dabt_usr+0x3c/0x40)
Exception stack(0xee365fb0 to 0xee365ff8)
5fa0: 00000000 56c728c0 001017a2 d49e30e0
5fc0: 775448d2 597d4e74 00200800 7a9e1625 00802001 00000021 b6deec84 00000100
5fe0: 08020200 be9f4f20 0c0b0d0a b6d9b3e0 600c0010 ffffffff
Code: e1a0a005 e1a0000c 1affffe8 e5913000 (e4ea3001)
---[ end trace 0acd3882fcfdf9dd ]---
This is caused by the alignment handler not being fixed up for the
uaccess changes, and userspace issuing an unaligned LDM instruction.
So, fix the problem by adding the necessary fixups.
Reported-by: Jonathan Liu <net147@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Jonathan Liu <net147@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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This patch adds imprecise abort enable/disable macros and uses them to
enable imprecise aborts early when starting the kernel.
This helps in tracking down the real cause for such imprecise abort, as
they are handled as soon as they occur. Until now those aborts would
only be enabled when entering the userspace and as a consequence crash
the first userspace process if any abort had been raised during kernel
startup.
Signed-off-by: Fabrice Gasnier <fabrice.gasnier@st.com>
Signed-off-by: Lucas Stach <l.stach@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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