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+# @(#)australasia 7.21
+# This file also includes Pacific islands.
+
+# Notes are at the end of this file
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Australia
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Aus 1895 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
+# Shanks gives 1917 Jan 1 0:01; go with Whitman (and guess 2:00).
+Rule Aus 1916 only - Oct 1 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule Aus 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 -
+Rule Aus 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule Aus 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 -
+Rule Aus 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule Aus 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
+Rule Aus 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 -
+# Whitman says W Australia didn't use DST in 1943/1944, and that
+# 1944/1945 was just like 1943/1944; go with Shanks.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Northern Territory
+Zone Australia/Darwin 8:43:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 9:30 - CST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
+ 9:30 Aus CST
+# Western Australia
+Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895 Dec
+ 8:00 - WST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
+ 8:00 Aus WST 1974 Oct lastSun 2:00
+ 8:00 1:00 WST 1975 Mar Sun>=1 3:00
+ 8:00 - WST 1983 Oct lastSun 2:00
+ 8:00 1:00 WST 1984 Mar Sun>=1 3:00
+ 8:00 - WST 1991 Nov 17 2:00
+ 8:00 1:00 WST 1992 Mar Sun>=1 3:00
+ 8:00 - WST
+# Queensland
+Zone Australia/Brisbane 10:12:08 - LMT 1895
+ 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
+ 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct lastSun 2:00
+ 10:00 1:00 EST 1972 Feb lastSun 3:00
+ 10:00 - EST 1989 Oct lastSun 2:00
+ 10:00 1:00 EST 1990 Mar Sun>=1 3:00
+ 10:00 - EST 1990 Oct lastSun 2:00
+ 10:00 1:00 EST 1991 Mar Sun>=1 3:00
+ 10:00 - EST 1991 Oct lastSun 2:00
+ 10:00 1:00 EST 1992 Mar Sun>=1 3:00
+ 10:00 - EST
+
+# South Australia
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule AS 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule AS 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule AS 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 3:00 0 -
+Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
+Rule AS 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 -
+Rule AS 1990 1994 even Mar Sun>=18 3:00 0 -
+Rule AS 1990 1994 odd Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
+Rule AS 1995 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 9:00 - CST 1899 May
+ 9:30 - CST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
+ 9:30 Aus CST 1971 Oct lastSun 2:00
+ 9:30 AS CST
+
+# Tasmania
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule AT 1967 only - Oct 1 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule AT 1968 only - Mar 31 3:00 0 -
+Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 3:00 0 -
+Rule AT 1972 only - Feb 27 3:00 0 -
+Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
+Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 -
+Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
+Rule AT 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 -
+Rule AT 1987 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule AT 1991 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule AT 1991 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Australia/Hobart 9:49:16 - LMT 1895 Sep
+ 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
+ 10:00 Aus EST 1967 Oct 1 2:00
+ 10:00 AT EST
+
+# Victoria
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule AV 1972 only - Feb 27 3:00 0 -
+Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
+Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 -
+Rule AV 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule AV 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule AV 1991 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
+Rule AV 1995 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
+ 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct 31 2:00
+ 10:00 AV EST
+
+# New South Wales
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule AN 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule AN 1972 only - Feb 27 3:00 0 -
+Rule AN 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
+Rule AN 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 -
+Rule AN 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule AN 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule AN 1990 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Australia/Sydney 10:04:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
+ 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct 31 2:00
+ 10:00 AN EST
+Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 10:00 - EST 1896 Aug 23
+ 9:00 - CST 1899 May
+ 9:30 - CST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
+ 9:30 Aus CST 1971 Oct 31 2:00
+ 9:30 AN CST
+
+# Australian Capital Territory
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Australia/Canberra 9:56:32 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
+ 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct 31 2:00
+ 10:00 AN EST 1981 Oct 25 2:00
+ 10:00 1:00 EST 1982 Apr 4 3:00
+ 10:00 AN EST
+
+# Australian miscellany
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 10:00 - EST 1981 Mar
+ 10:30 AN LHST
+Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 7:00 - JVT
+#
+# Ashmore Is, Cartier
+# no information; probably like Australia/Perth
+#
+# Macquarie, Manihiki, Penrhyn, Rakehanga
+# no information
+
+
+# Cook Is
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 HD
+Rule Cook 1979 max - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 H
+Rule Cook 1979 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua
+ -10:30 - CIST 1978 Nov 12 # Cook Is ST
+ -10:00 Cook T%sT
+
+# Cocos
+# From USNO (1989):
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Indian/Cocos 6:30 - CCT
+
+# Fiji
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:53:40 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva
+ 12:00 - NZST
+
+# French Polynesia
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea
+ -9:00 - GBT
+Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct
+ -9:30 - MQT
+Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete
+ -10:00 - THT
+
+# Guam
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Guam 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana
+ 10:00 - GST
+
+# Howland, Baker
+# no information; probably like Pacific/Samoa
+
+# Jarvis
+# no information; probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
+
+# Johnston
+# no information; probably like Pacific/Honolulu
+
+# Kiribati
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki
+ 12:00 - NZST
+Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901
+ -12:00 - KJT 1979 Oct
+ -11:00 - SST
+Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901
+ -10:40 - LIT 1979 Oct # Line Is Time
+ -10:00 - THT
+
+# Nauru
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe
+ 11:30 - NST 1942 Mar 15
+ 9:00 - JST 1944 Aug 15
+ 11:30 - NST 1979 May
+ 12:00 - NZST
+
+# New Caledonia
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule NC 1912 only - Jan 13 0:00 0 S
+Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13
+ 11:00 NC NC%sT
+
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# New Zealand
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule NZ 1868 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S
+# Shanks gives 1927 Nov 6 - 1928 Mar 4, 1928 Oct 14 - 1929 Mar 17,
+# 1929 Oct 13 - 1930 Mar 16; go with Whitman.
+Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 26 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule NZ 1928 1929 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
+Rule NZ 1928 only - Nov 4 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule NZ 1929 only - Oct 30 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule NZ 1930 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
+Rule NZ 1930 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
+# Shanks says DST stopped 1940 Sep lastSun; go with Whitman for war years.
+Rule NZ 1934 1944 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule NZ 1934 1944 - Sep lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D
+Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
+Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D
+Rule NZ 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
+Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S
+Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
+Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868
+ # Shanks gives 1940 Sep 29 2:00;
+ # go with Whitman.
+ 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1945 Apr 29 2:00
+ 12:00 NZ NZ%sT
+Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:45 - NZ-CHAT
+
+
+# Antipodes Is, Kermadec Is
+# no information; probably like Pacific/Auckland
+
+###############################################################################
+
+
+# Niue
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi
+ -11:20 - NIT 1951 # Niue I Time
+ -11:30 - NIT 1978 Oct 1
+ -11:00 - SST
+
+# Norfolk
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston
+ 11:12 - NMT 1951
+ 11:30 - NRFT
+
+# Pacific Islands Trust Territories
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901
+ 11:00 - NCST 1969 Oct
+ 12:00 - NZST
+Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901
+ 11:00 - NCST 1969 Oct
+ -12:00 - KJT 1993 Aug 20
+ 12:00 - NZST
+Zone Pacific/Truk 10:07:08 - LMT 1901
+ 10:00 - GST 1978 Oct
+ 11:00 - NCST
+Zone Pacific/Ponape 10:33:00 - LMT 1901
+ 11:00 - NCST
+Zone Pacific/Yap 9:12:24 - LMT 1901
+ 9:00 - PLT 1969 Oct
+ 10:00 - GST
+
+# Palau
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Palau 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 # Koror
+ 9:00 - PLT
+
+# Palmyra
+# no information; probably like Pacific/Kiritmati
+
+# Papua New Guinea
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880
+ 9:49 - PMMT 1895
+ 10:00 - EST
+
+# Pitcairn
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown
+ -8:30 - PIT
+
+# Solomon Is
+# excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara
+ 11:00 - NCST
+
+# Tokelau Is
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901
+ -10:00 - THT
+
+# Tonga
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901
+ 12:20 - TMT 1968 Oct
+ 13:00 - TGT
+
+# Tuvalu
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901
+ 12:00 - NZST
+
+# Vanuatu
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Vanuatu 1912 only - Jan 13 0:00 0 S
+Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Vanuatu 1984 max - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 S
+Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Vanuatu 1985 max - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 D
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila
+ 11:00 - NCST
+
+# Wake
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901
+ 12:00 - NZST
+
+# Wallis and Futuna
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901
+ 12:00 - NZST
+
+# Western Samoa
+# See Pacific/Samoa in the `northamerica' file, of all places.
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# NOTES
+
+# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
+# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
+# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
+
+# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (August 18, 1994):
+# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
+# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
+# Except where noted, it is the source for the data above.
+#
+# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
+# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
+# I found in the UCLA library.
+#
+# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
+# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude,
+# Oxford University Press (1980).
+#
+# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
+# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
+# Corrections are welcome!
+# std dst
+# LMT Local Mean Time
+# 6:30 CCT Cocos*
+# 7:00 JVT Java*
+# 8:00 WST WST Western Australia
+# 9:00 JST Japan
+# 9:00 PLT Palau*
+# 9:30 CST CST Central Australia
+# 10:00 EST EST Eastern Australia
+# 10:00 GST Guam*
+# 10:30 LHST LHST Lord Howe*
+# 11:00 NCST NCDT New Caledonia*
+# 11:30 NRFT Norfolk*
+# 12:00 NZST NZDT New Zealand
+# 12:45 NZ-CHAT Chatham
+# 13:00 TGT Tongatapu*
+# -12:00 KJT Kwajalein (no longer used)*
+# -11:00 SST Samoa
+# -10:40 LIT Line Is (no longer used)*
+# -10:00 THT Tahiti*
+# - 9:30 MQT Marquesas*
+# - 9:00 GBT Gambier*
+# - 8:30 PIT Pitcairn*
+#
+# See the `northamerica' file for Hawaii and Samoa.
+# See the `southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galapagos Is.
+#
+# See the `africa' file for Zone naming conventions.
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Australia
+
+# From John Mackin (March 6, 1991):
+# We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as `daylight' time.
+# It is called `summer' time. Now by a happy coincidence, `summer'
+# and `standard' happen to start with the same letter; hence, the
+# abbreviation does _not_ change...
+# The legislation does not actually define abbreviations, at least
+# in this State, but the abbreviation is just commonly taken to be the
+# initials of the phrase, and the legislation here uniformly uses
+# the phrase `summer time' and does not use the phrase `daylight
+# time'.
+# Announcers on the Commonwealth radio network, the ABC (for Australian
+# Broadcasting Commission), use the phrases `Eastern Standard Time'
+# or `Eastern Summer Time'. (Note, though, that as I say in the
+# current australasia file, there is really no such thing.) Announcers
+# on its overseas service, Radio Australia, use the same phrases
+# prefixed by the word `Australian' when referring to local times;
+# time announcements on that service, naturally enough, are made in UTC.
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (March 8 1992):
+# Given the above, what's chosen for year-round use is:
+# CST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 9:30
+# WST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 8:00
+# EST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 10:00
+
+# From Paul Eggert (November 8, 1994):
+# Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
+# Mark Prior <mrp@itd.adelaide.edu.au> writes that his newspaper
+# reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00,
+# but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970
+# and perhaps the newspaper's `2:00' is referring to standard time.
+# And Robert Uzgalis <buz@cs.aukuni.ac.nz> says that the New Zealand Daylight
+# Savings Time Order in Council dated 1990-06-18 specifies 2:00 standard
+# time on both the first Sunday in October and the third Sunday in March.
+# For now we'll continue to assume 3:00 for changes since 1970.
+
+# Northern Territory
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (March 6, 1991):
+# # The NORTHERN TERRITORY.. [ Courtesy N.T. Dept of the Chief Minister ]
+# # [ Nov 1990 ]
+# # N.T. have never utilised any DST due to sub-tropical/tropical location.
+# ...
+# Zone Australia/North 9:30 - CST
+
+# From Bradley White (March 4, 1991):
+# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
+# the Northern Territory do[es] not have daylight saving.
+
+# Western Australia
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (March 6, 1991):
+# # The state of WESTERN AUSTRALIA.. [ Courtesy W.A. dept Premier+Cabinet ]
+# # [ Nov 1990 ]
+# # W.A. suffers from a great deal of public and political opposition to
+# # DST in principle. A bill is brought before parliament in most years, but
+# # usually defeated either in the upper house, or in party caucus
+# # before reaching parliament.
+# ...
+# Zone Australia/West 8:00 AW %sST
+# ...
+# Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W
+# Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W
+
+# From Bradley White (March 4, 1991):
+# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
+# Western Australia...do[es] not have daylight saving.
+
+# From John D. Newman via Bradley White (November 2, 1991):
+# Western Australia is still on "winter time". Some DH in Sydney
+# rang me at home a few days ago at 6.00am. (He had just arrived at
+# work at 9.00am.)
+# W.A. is switching to Summer Time on Nov 17th just to confuse
+# everybody again.
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (March 8, 1992):
+# The 1992 ending date used in the rules is a best guess;
+# it matches what was used in the past.
+
+# Queensland
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (March 6, 1991):
+# # The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ]
+# # [ Dec 1990 ]
+# ...
+# Zone Australia/Queensland 10:00 AQ %sST
+# ...
+# Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
+# Rule AQ 1989 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
+
+# From Bradley White (December 24, 1989):
+# "Australia/Queensland" now observes daylight time (i.e. from
+# October 1989).
+
+# From Bradley White (March 4, 1991):
+# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
+# ...Queensland...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
+# at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
+
+# From John Mackin (March 6, 1991):
+# I can certainly confirm for my part that Daylight Saving in NSW did in fact
+# end on Sunday, 3 March. I don't know at what hour, though. (It surprised
+# me.)
+
+# From Bradley White (March 8, 1992):
+# ...there was recently a referendum in Queensland which resulted
+# in the experimental daylight saving system being abandoned. So, ...
+# ...
+# Rule QLD 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule QLD 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S
+# ...
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (March 8, 1992):
+# The chosen rules the union of the 1971/1972 change and the 1989-1992 changes.
+
+# South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (March 8, 1992):
+# The rules from version 7.1 follow.
+# There are lots of differences between these rules and
+# the Shepherd et al. rules. Since the Shepherd et al. rules
+# and Bradley White's newspaper article are in agreement on
+# current DST ending dates, no worries.
+#
+# Rule Oz 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
+# Rule Oz 1986 max - Oct Sun<=24 2:00 1:00 -
+# Rule Oz 1972 only - Feb 27 3:00 0 -
+# Rule Oz 1973 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
+# Rule Oz 1987 max - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
+# Zone Australia/Tasmania 10:00 Oz EST
+# Zone Australia/South 9:30 Oz CST
+# Zone Australia/Victoria 10:00 Oz EST 1985 Oct lastSun 2:00
+# 10:00 1:00 EST 1986 Mar Sun<=21 3:00
+# 10:00 Oz EST
+
+# From Robert Elz (March 6, 1991):
+# I believe that the current start date for DST is "lastSun" in Oct...
+# that changed Oct 89. That is, we're back to the
+# original rule, and that rule currently applies in all the states
+# that have dst, incl Qld. (Certainly it was true in Vic).
+# The file I'm including says that happened in 1988, I think
+# that's incorrect, but I'm not 100% certain.
+
+# South Australia
+
+# From Bradley White (March 4, 1991):
+# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
+# ...South Australia...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
+# at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (March 6, 1991):
+# # The state of SOUTH AUSTRALIA....[ Courtesy of S.A. Dept of Labour ]
+# # [ Nov 1990 ]
+# ...
+# Zone Australia/South 9:30 AS %sST
+# ...
+# Rule AS 1971 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AS 1972 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
+# Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 C
+# Rule AS 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
+
+# From Bradley White (March 11, 1992):
+# Recent correspondence with a friend in Adelaide
+# contained the following exchange: "Due to the Adelaide Festival,
+# South Australia delays setting back our clocks for a few weeks."
+
+# From Robert Elz (March 13, 1992):
+# I heard that apparently (or at least, it appears that)
+# South Aus will have an extra 3 weeks daylight saving every even
+# numbered year (from 1990). That's when the Adelaide Festival
+# is on...
+
+# From Robert Elz (March 16, 1992, 00:57:07 +1000):
+# DST didn't end in Adelaide today (yesterday)....
+# But whether it's "4th Sunday" or "2nd last Sunday" I have no idea whatever...
+# (it's just as likely to be "the Sunday we pick for this year"...).
+
+# From Bradley White (April 11, 1994):
+# If Sun, 15 March, 1992 was at +1030 as kre asserts, but yet Sun, 20 March,
+# 1994 was at +0930 as John Connolly's customer seems to assert, then I can
+# only conclude that the actual rule is more complicated....
+
+# From John Warburton <jwarb@SACBH.com.au> (1994-10-07):
+# The new Daylight Savings dates for South Australia ...
+# was gazetted in the Government Hansard on Sep 26 1994....
+# start on last Sunday in October and end in last sunday in March.
+
+# Tasmania
+
+# From Bradley White (March 4, 1991):
+# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
+# ...Tasmania will revert to Australian Eastern Standard Time on March 31...
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (March 6, 1991):
+# # The state of TASMANIA.. [Courtesy Tasmanian Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
+# # [ Nov 1990 ]
+# ...
+# Zone Australia/Tasmania 10:00 AT %sST
+# ...
+# Rule AT 1967 only - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AT 1968 only - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 E
+# Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 3:00 0 E
+# Rule AT 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
+# Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
+# Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 E
+# Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
+# Rule AT 1986 only - Oct Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 E
+# Rule AT 1987 only - Oct Sun>=22 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AT 1988 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AT 1991 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AT 1991 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 E
+
+# From Bill Hart via Alexander Dupuy and Guy Harris (October 10, 1991):
+# My state Government in there eagerness to get a few more bucks for the
+# tourist industry industry decided to change the daylight savings times
+# yet again (we now have almost 6 months per year)...
+# ...
+# Rule Oz 1986 1990 - Oct Sun<=24 2:00 1:00 -
+# Rule Oz 1991 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
+# ...
+# Rule Oz 1987 1990 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
+# Rule Oz 1991 max - Mar Sun<=31 3:00 0 -
+
+# From Bill Hart via Guy Harris (October 10, 1991):
+# Oh yes, the new daylight savings rules are uniquely tasmanian, we have
+# 6 weeks a year now when we are out of sync with the rest of Australia
+# (but nothing new about that).
+
+# Victoria
+
+# From Bradley White (March 4, 1991):
+# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
+# ...Victoria...[has] agreed to end daylight saving at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (March 6, 1991):
+# # The state of VICTORIA.. [ Courtesy of Vic. Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
+# # [ Nov 1990 ]
+# ...
+# Zone Australia/Victoria 10:00 AV %sST
+# ...
+# Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AV 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
+# Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
+# Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 E
+# Rule AV 1986 1987 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AV 1988 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AV 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
+
+# New South Wales
+
+# From Arthur David Olson:
+# New South Wales and subjurisdictions have their own ideas of a fun time.
+# Based on law library research by John Mackin (john@basser.cs.su.oz),
+# who notes:
+# In Australia, time is not legislated federally, but rather by the
+# individual states. Thus, while such terms as ``Eastern Standard Time''
+# [I mean, of course, Australian EST, not any other kind] are in common
+# use, _they have NO REAL MEANING_, as they are not defined in the
+# legislation. This is very important to understand.
+# I have researched New South Wales time only...
+
+# From Dave Davey (March 3, 1990):
+# Rule NSW 1988 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
+# Rule NSW 1989 only - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
+
+# From Bradley White (March 4, 1991):
+# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
+# NSW...[has] agreed to end daylight saving at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (March 6, 1991):
+# # The state of NEW SOUTH WALES.. [confirmed by Attorney General's Dept N.S.W]
+# # [ Dec 1990 ]
+# ...
+# Rule AN 1988 1989 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 E
+# ...
+
+# From John Mackin (March 9, 1991)
+# I have confirmed the accuracy of the historical data for NSW in the
+# file Robert forwarded
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (March 8, 1992):
+# Sources differ on whether DST ended March 6 or March 20 in 1988;
+# March 20 (the "confirmed" date) is in the chosen rules.
+
+# Yancowinna
+
+# From John Basser (January 4, 1989):
+# `Broken Hill' means the County of Yancowinna.
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (March 6, 1991):
+# # YANCOWINNA.. [ Confirmation courtesy of Broken Hill Postmaster ]
+# # [ Dec 1990 ]
+# ...
+# # Yancowinna uses Central Standard Time, despite it's location on the
+# # New South Wales side of the S.A. border. Most business and social dealings
+# # are with CST zones, therefore CST is legislated by local government
+# # although the switch to Summer Time occurs in line with N.S.W. There have
+# # been years when this did not apply, but the historical data is not
+# # presently available.
+# Zone Australia/Yancowinna 9:30 AY %sST
+# ...
+# Rule AY 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AY 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 C
+# [followed by other Rules]
+
+# Lord Howe Island
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (March 6, 1991):
+# LHI... [ Courtesy of Pauline Van Winsen.. pauline@Aus ]
+# [ Dec 1990 ]
+# Lord Howe Island is located off the New South Wales coast, and is half an
+# hour ahead of NSW time.
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# New Zealand, from Elz' asia 1.1
+# Elz says "no guarantees"
+
+# From Mark Davies (October 3, 1990):
+# the 1989/90 year was a trial of an extended "daylight saving" period.
+# This trial was deemed successful and the extended period adopted for
+# subsequent years (with the addition of a further week at the start).
+# source -- phone call to Ministry of Internal Affairs Head Office.
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (March 6, 1991):
+# # The Country of New Zealand (Australia's east island -) Gee they hate that!
+# # or is Australia the west island of N.Z.
+# # [ courtesy of Geoff Tribble.. Geofft@Aus.. Auckland N.Z. ]
+# # [ Nov 1990 ]
+# ...
+# Rule NZ 1974 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule NZ 1989 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule NZ 1975 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S
+# Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 S
+# ...
+# Zone NZ 12:00 NZ NZ%sT # New Zealand
+# Zone NZ-CHAT 12:45 - NZ-CHAT # Chatham Island
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (March 8, 1992):
+# The chosen rules use the Davies October 8 values for the start of DST in 1989
+# rather than the October 1 value.
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Fiji
+
+# Howse writes (p 162) that in 1879 the British governor of Fiji
+# enacted an ordinance standardizing the islands on +12:00.
+# Perhaps it didn't take. We go with Shanks's more precise date in 1915.
+
+# Kwajalein
+
+# In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes:
+# I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday,
+# August 20, 1993. Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with
+# respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands,
+# going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink.
+
+# Pacific Islands Trust Territories
+
+# Howse writes (p 162) ``The Spaniards, on the other hand, reached the
+# Philippines and the Ladrones from America,'' and implies that the Ladrones
+# (now called the Marianas) kept American date for quite some time.
+# Ignore this for now, as we have no hard data. See also Asia/Manila.